DESCRIPTION
Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain which is a worldwide staple food.The many species of wheat together make up the genus Triticum; the most widely grown is common wheat (T. aestivum). The archaeological record suggests that wheat was first cultivated in the regions of the Fertile Crescent around 9600 BCE. Botanically, the wheat kernel is a type of fruit called a caryopsis. Wheat is grown on more land area than any other food crop (220.4 million hectares or 545 million acres, 2014).[5] World trade in wheat is greater than for all other crops combined
The most common forms of wheat are white and red wheat. However, other natural forms of wheat exist. Other commercially minor but nutritionally promising species of naturally evolved wheat species include black, yellow and blue wheat.
World Production
- Worldwide 765,769,635 tonnes of wheat is produced per year.
- China is the largest wheat producer in the world with 133,601,131 tonnes production per year.
- India comes second with 103,596,230 tonnes yearly production.
- With 74,452,692 tonnes of production per year, Russian Federation is the third largest producer of wheat.
- United States of America, with 52,257,620 tonnes of production per year is ranked at 4.
| Country | Production (Tons) | Production per Person (Kg) | Acreage (Hectare) | Yield (Kg / Hectare) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
China | 133,601,131 | 95.85 | 23,732,560 | 5,629.4 |
 |
India | 103,596,230 | 77.514 | 29,318,790 | 3,533.4 |
 |
Russian Federation | 74,452,692 | 506.905 | 27,558,617 | 2,701.6 |
 |
United States of America | 52,257,620 | 159.436 | 15,039,090 | 3,474.8 |
 |
France | 40,604,960 | 603.37 | 5,244,250 | 7,742.8 |
 |
Canada | 32,347,900 | 869.249 | 9,655,600 | 3,350.2 |
 |
Ukraine | 28,370,280 | 671.266 | 6,825,300 | 4,156.6 |
 |
Pakistan | 24,348,983 | 120.616 | 8,677,730 | 2,805.9 |
 |
Germany | 23,062,600 | 278.733 | 3,118,100 | 7,396.4 |
 |
Argentina | 19,459,727 | 437.351 | 6,050,953 | 3,216 |
 |
Turkey | 19,000,000 | 235.118 | 6,831,854 | 2,781.1 |
 |
Australia | 17,597,561 | 702.514 | 10,402,271 | 1,691.7 |
 |
Iran | 16,800,000 | 205.487 | 8,035,937 | 2,090.6 |
 |
United Kingdom | 13,555,000 | 205.254 | 1,748,000 | 7,754.6 |
 |
Kazakhstan | 11,296,643 | 618.235 | 11,413,941 | 989.7 |
 |
Poland | 10,807,490 | 281.199 | 2,511,330 | 4,303.5 |
 |
Romania | 10,297,110 | 527.408 | 2,168,370 | 4,748.8 |
 |
Egypt | 9,000,000 | 92.311 | 1,410,912 | 6,378.9 |
 |
Italy | 6,739,470 | 111.513 | 1,754,640 | 3,840.9 |
 |
Bulgaria | 6,319,630 | 896.397 | 1,198,680 | 5,272.2 |
 |
Uzbekistan | 6,093,462 | 186.607 | 1,310,630 | 4,649.3 |
 |
Spain | 6,041,170 | 129.474 | 1,920,090 | 3,146.3 |
 |
Brazil | 5,604,158 | 26.746 | 2,098,003 | 2,671.2 |
 |
Hungary | 5,377,710 | 550.375 | 1,015,640 | 5,294.9 |
 |
Ethiopia | 5,315,270 | 49.428 | 1,789,372 | 2,970.5 |
 |
Afghanistan | 4,890,000 | 154.869 | 2,334,000 | 2,095.1 |
 |
Czech Republic | 4,812,160 | 453.406 | 839,450 | 5,732.5 |
 |
Denmark | 4,642,090 | 801.749 | 573,400 | 8,095.7 |
 |
Iraq | 4,343,473 | 110.409 | 1,543,316 | 2,814.4 |
 |
Morocco | 4,025,303 | 115.754 | 2,505,987 | 1,606.3 |
 |
Algeria | 3,876,876 | 91.122 | 1,974,987 | 1,963 |
 |
Lithuania | 3,843,850 | 1,372.442 | 895,760 | 4,291.2 |
 |
Sweden | 3,476,800 | 341.817 | 469,490 | 7,405.5 |
 |
Mexico | 3,244,062 | 26.007 | 586,543 | 5,530.8 |
 |
Syria | 3,085,096 | 168.728 | 1,345,607 | 2,292.7 |
 |
Serbia | 2,534,643 | 362.017 | 577,499 | 4,389 |
 |
Latvia | 2,371,000 | 1,231.241 | 492,700 | 4,812.3 |
 |
Belarus | 2,308,840 | 243.595 | 694,004 | 3,326.8 |
 |
Azerbaijan | 2,114,139 | 213.591 | 669,993 | 3,155.5 |
 |
Nepal | 2,005,665 | 68.643 | 703,992 | 2,849 |
 |
Slovakia | 1,939,130 | 356.253 | 406,820 | 4,766.6 |
 |
Belgium | 1,902,380 | 166.631 | 203,760 | 9,336.4 |
 |
Austria | 1,596,880 | 180.68 | 278,340 | 5,737.2 |
 |
South Africa | 1,535,000 | 26.591 | 540,000 | 2,842.6 |
 |
Turkmenistan | 1,500,000 | 256.346 | 900,000 | 1,666.7 |
 |
Tunisia | 1,440,000 | 125.805 | 643,000 | 2,239.5 |
 |
Chile | 1,399,919 | 79.659 | 222,705 | 6,286 |
 |
Paraguay | 1,358,000 | 192.543 | 485,000 | 2,800 |
 |
Moldova | 1,147,482 | 323.152 | 352,033 | 3,259.6 |
 |
The Netherlands | 1,130,530 | 65.533 | 120,550 | 9,378.1 |
 |
Japan | 1,037,000 | 8.198 | 211,600 | 4,900.8 |
 |
Bangladesh | 1,016,811 | 6.158 | 330,348 | 3,078 |
 |
Greece | 979,220 | 90.936 | 350,490 | 2,793.9 |
 |
Finland | 914,180 | 165.676 | 197,600 | 4,626.4 |
 |
Estonia | 846,580 | 641.77 | 166,980 | 5,069.9 |
 |
Tajikistan | 836,884 | 93.706 | 263,960 | 3,170.5 |
 |
Croatia | 803,270 | 191.615 | 143,150 | 5,611.4 |
 |
Uruguay | 727,600 | 207.531 | 198,400 | 3,667.3 |
 |
Sudan | 726,000 | 17.795 | 303,660 | 2,390.8 |
 |
Kyrgyzstan | 601,216 | 95.29 | 239,594 | 2,509.3 |
 |
Ireland | 595,360 | 122.578 | 63,480 | 9,378.7 |
 |
Saudi Arabia | 534,000 | 15.981 | 87,999 | 6,068.3 |
 |
Switzerland | 497,459 | 58.573 | 86,493 | 5,751.4 |
 |
Norway | 459,000 | 86.403 | 79,983 | 5,738.7 |
 |
Mongolia | 411,415 | 127.608 | 321,040 | 1,281.5 |
 |
New Zealand | 398,092 | 81.225 | 45,000 | 8,846.5 |
 |
Kenya | 366,200 | 7.187 | 134,785 | 2,716.9 |
 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 264,769 | 69.963 | 68,965 | 3,839.2 |
 |
Macedonia | 239,916 | 115.605 | 68,847 | 3,484.8 |
 |
Bolivia | 237,127 | 20.971 | 197,713 | 1,199.3 |
 |
Albania | 233,218 | 81.251 | 57,330 | 4,068 |
 |
Peru | 190,560 | 6.1 | 122,624 | 1,554 |
 |
Zambia | 151,850 | 8.992 | 22,706 | 6,687.7 |
 |
Libya | 140,000 | 21.635 | 180,937 | 773.7 |
 |
Slovenia | 139,810 | 67.643 | 26,730 | 5,230.5 |
 |
Lebanon | 130,000 | 21.334 | 41,000 | 3,170.7 |
 |
Armenia | 112,621 | 37.922 | 57,563 | 1,956.5 |
 |
Myanmar | 110,663 | 2.055 | 58,866 | 1,879.9 |
 |
Georgia | 100,600 | 26.973 | 43,100 | 2,334.1 |
 |
Yemen | 100,332 | 3.47 | 57,466 | 1,745.9 |
 |
Israel | 84,750 | 9.514 | 41,300 | 2,052.1 |
 |
Luxembourg | 82,260 | 136.643 | 13,360 | 6,157.2 |
 |
Zimbabwe | 80,000 | 5.388 | 50,342 | 1,589.1 |
 |
Tanzania | 63,388 | 1.17 | 42,177 | 1,502.9 |
 |
Portugal | 61,600 | 5.986 | 26,440 | 2,329.8 |
 |
Nigeria | 60,000 | 0.304 | 56,080 | 1,069.9 |
 |
Palestinian Territories | 34,373 | 7.555 | 15,304 | 2,246 |
 |
Cyprus | 29,470 | 34.476 | 10,590 | 2,782.8 |
 |
North Korea | 26,977 | 1.053 | 22,171 | 1,216.8 |
 |
Jordan | 26,361 | 2.577 | 11,018 | 2,392.5 |
 |
Eritrea | 25,000 | 4.819 | 25,000 | 1,000 |
 |
Uganda | 23,583 | 0.607 | 15,215 | 1,550 |
 |
Mozambique | 18,180 | 0.63 | 15,776 | 1,152.4 |
 |
Rwanda | 15,686 | 1.307 | 13,234 | 1,185.3 |
 |
South Korea | 15,000 | 0.29 | 4,000 | 3,750 |
 |
Malta | 12,413 | 26.094 | 2,467 | 5,031.6 |
 |
Congo-Kinshasa | 11,107 | 0.137 | 8,473 | 1,310.9 |
 |
Mauritania | 8,641 | 2.169 | 4,074 | 2,121 |
 |
Mali | 8,226 | 0.431 | 4,262 | 1,930.1 |
 |
Namibia | 6,100 | 2.527 | 2,000 | 3,050 |
 |
Colombia | 5,684 | 0.114 | 2,733 | 2,079.8 |
 |
Ecuador | 5,073 | 0.297 | 3,085 | 1,644.4 |
 |
Madagascar | 5,000 | 0.19 | 2,083 | 2,400.4 |
 |
Niger | 4,920 | 0.229 | 1,734 | 2,837.4 |
 |
Burundi | 4,894 | 0.458 | 7,645 | 640.2 |
 |
Taiwan | 4,831 | 0.205 | 2,560 | 1,887.1 |
 |
Oman | 3,615 | 0.721 | 939 | 3,849.8 |
 |
Angola | 2,298 | 0.079 | 2,368 | 970.4 |
 |
Montenegro | 2,170 | 3.487 | 770 | 2,818.2 |
 |
Lesotho | 2,000 | 0.884 | 2,244 | 891.3 |
 |
Chad | 1,613 | 0.105 | 862 | 1,871.2 |
 |
Thailand | 1,351 | 0.02 | 1,244 | 1,086 |
 |
Bhutan | 1,319 | 1.814 | 1,004 | 1,313.7 |
 |
Venezuela | 1,306 | 0.041 | 495 | 2,638.4 |
 |
Honduras | 1,253 | 0.139 | 2,296 | 545.7 |
 |
Somalia | 1,039 | 0.068 | 2,593 | 400.7 |
 |
Malawi | 1,000 | 0.056 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
 |
Cameroon | 866 | 0.036 | 651 | 1,330.3 |
 |
Swaziland | 831 | 0.717 | 458 | 1,814.4 |
 |
Botswana | 377 | 0.164 | 620 | 608.1 |
 |
Guatemala | 330 | 0.019 | 154 | 2,142.9 |
 |
United Arab Emirates | 30 | 0.003 | 10 | 3,000 |
 |
Kuwait | 16 | 0.004 | 5 | 3,200 |
 |
Qatar | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1,000 |
